THE DYNAMICS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST DOMESTIC WORKERS: A REVIEW OF POSITIVE LAW AND FIQH JINAYAH

  • Aisyah Djauhar State Islamic Institute of Parepare
  • Islamul Haq State Islamic Institute of Parepare
  • Saidah Saidah State Islamic Institute of Parepare
  • Wahidin Wahidin State Islamic Institute of Parepare
  • Zulfahmi AR Al Azhar University
Keywords: Violence, Domestic Workers, Positive Law, Fikih Jinayah

Abstract

Violence against domestic workers is a complex social and legal issue, reflecting the imbalance of legal protection and human values. This study aims to examine the dynamics of violence against domestic workers through the approach of the Minister of Manpower Regulation (PERMENAKER) No. 2 of 2015 and the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence (PKDRT Law). Meanwhile, Jurisprudence underlines violence against domestic workers as an act of wrongdoing, which is a jarimah ta'zir. This research was conducted using the literature method, through several stages: (1) Problem Identification, which recognizes the issue of violence against domestic workers from the perspective of positive law and Fikih Jinayah; (2) Data Collection, involving legal literature, religious documents, and case studies; (3) Data Analysis, using a descriptive-analytical approach to compare the views of positive law and Fikih Jinayah on violence; and (4) Conclusion, which integrates the findings from both perspectives to provide strategic recommendations.

References

Afifah, Wiwik. “Eksistensi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Rumah Tangga Di Indonesia.” DiH: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2018.
Afridi, M. “Maqasid Al-Shari’ah and preservation of basic rights under the theme ‘Islam and its perspectives on global & local contemporary challenges,’” 2016. https://consensus.app/papers/maqasid-alshari-’-ah-and-preservation-of-basic-rights-under-afridi/036534d6fd5251b3b9f6f7f4f60a1156/.
Alfariszi, Maajid, dan Khoirul Ahsan. “Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Dalam Rumah Tangga Perspektif Hukum Keluarga Islam Dan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Positif Indonesia.” Shar-E: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah 10, no. 2 (2024): 122–32.
Ali, H Zainuddin. Hukum Pidana Islam. Sinar Grafika, 2024.
Amaliyah, Eka Aninda, dan Hilyah Rizqiyah Anabila. “POLITIK HUKUM PENGATURAN PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA RUMAH TANGGA DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA.” Journal of Law and Administrative Science 3, no. 1 (2025): 69–81.
Armstrong, Karen. Muhammad Prophet for our time. Mizan Pustaka, 2013.
Azhari, Muhammad Yafi, dan Abdul Halim. “Hak-Hak Pekerja Rumah Tangga dan Perlindungan Hukum di Indonesia.” Media Iuris 4, no. 2 (2021): 173.
Chakraborty, Titas. “The Household Workers of the East India Company Ports of Pre-Colonial Bengal.” International Review of Social History 64 (2019): 71–93. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020859019000038.
Darwis, Muhammad, Iswandy Rani Saputra, dan Ali Ichsan Kiramang. “Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dalam perspektif hukum pidana.” Jurnal Litigasi Amsir 10, no. 3 (2023): 275–91.
DEWI, MAHARANI. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENGUPAHAN PEKERJA ANAK DITINJAU HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Pada Pabrik Bata Super Andalas Desa Nakau Kecamatan Talang Empat Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah).” IAIN Bengkulu, n.d.
Dhewy, Anita. “Discrimination, Violence and Disregard of Right: Status of Domestic Workers in the Absence of Legal Protection for Domestic Workers” 22 (2017): 261–71. https://doi.org/10.34309/jp.v22i3.197.
Eni Khairani1, Jabal Tarik Ibrahim2, Rachmad Kristiono3, Ledyawati Djakfar4. “Power Relations in the Social Interaction of Employers and Domestic Workers of Different Ethnicities in Bengkulu City.” International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), 2024, 44. https://www.ijhssi.org/papers/vol13(11)/13114146.pdf.
esti utami. “Disiksa, Disiram Cabe dan Ditelanjangi: Kekerasan Pada PRT Terjadi Lagi.” conde.co, 2022. https://www.konde.co/2022/10/kekerasan-pada-prt-terjadi-lagi-rn-alami-kekerasan-fisik-psikis-ekonomi-dan-pelecehan-seksual/.
Fadila, Rizky Ihsan, dan Nelvitia Purba. “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Asisten Rumah Tangga Menurut Undang Undang No. 23 Tahun 2004.” Citra Justicia: Majalah Hukum dan Dinamika Masyarakat 22, no. 1 (2021): 94–102.
Fitri, Marisa. “Tindak Pidana Terhadap Asisten Rumah Tangga Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif Di Indonesia (Studi Putusan Hakim Nomor 157/Pid. sus/2016/PN Kds).” Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, n.d.
Hanifah, Ida. “Kebijakan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pekerja Rumah Tangga Melalui Kepastian Hukum.” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia 17, no. 2 (2020): 193–208.
Hidayati, Maslihati. “Upaya Perlindungan Pekerja Rumah Tangga Sebagai Kelompok Masyarakat Yang Termarjinalkan di Indonesia.” Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Pranata Sosial Vol 1 No.1, no. 1 (2011): 8.
Hidayati, Nur. “Perlindungan terhadap pembantu rumah tangga (PRT) menurut Permenaker No. 2 Tahun 2015.” Jurnal Pengembangan Humaniora 14, no. 3 (2014): 213–17.
Irawan, Dodi. “Jinayah dan Siyasah dalam Konsep Pendidikan Islam.” Pengertian: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia (PJPI) 3, no. 1 (2025): 1–14.
Irawaty, D. “Domestic Workers amongst Paradoxes of the Politics of Gender and the Politics of Developmentalism: A Case Study from Indonesia in New Order Era” 22 (2017): 215–26. https://doi.org/10.34309/JP.V22I3.193.
Ismiatun, Ismiatun, dan Bunyamin Alamsyah. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Rumah Tangga Menurut Peraturan Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 Dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif Hukum Indonesia.” Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum 9, no. 1 (2019): 113–42.
Izzati, Nabiyla Risfa. “URGENSI UNDANG-UNDANG PELINDUNGAN PEKERJA RUMAH TANGGA UNTUK KERJA LAYAK PEKERJA PERAWATAN.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 53, no. 2 (n.d.): 223–34.
Jordhus-Lier, David. “Claiming industrial citizenship: The struggle for domestic worker rights in Indonesia.” Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift-Norwegian Journal of Geography 71, no. 4 (2017): 243–52.
Kamo, Y. “Determinants of Household Division of Labor.” Journal of Family Issues 9 (1988): 177–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/019251388009002002.
Karunagaran, D, S Shanmathi, K P Naachimuthu, R Sowmiya, dan C Devi. “Understanding the Lives of Domestic Workers.” FMDB Transactions on Sustainable Management Letters, 2024. https://doi.org/10.69888/ftsml.2024.000236.
Komnas perempuan. “‘Situasi Kritis, Pemerintah Harus Sahkan RUU PPRT.’” KOMNAS PEREMPUAN, 2024. https://komnasperempuan.go.id/siaran-pers-detail/siaran-pers-bersama-komnas-perempuan-komnas-ham-kpai-knd-mendorong-pengesahan-ruu-pprt.
Kumala, Rizky Meitha, dan Vinsya Murtiningsih. “Tinjauan perlindungan hukum pekerja rumah tangga (PRT) dalam kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT).” Recidive: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Penanggulangan Kejahatan 2, no. 3 (2013).
Kurniawan, Itok Dwi, Ismawati Septiningsih, dan Samuel Bintang Robby. “Undang-Undang Perlindungan Terhadap Pekerja Rumah Tangga (UU PPRT) dalam Mewujudkan Economic Democracy di Ranah Domestik.” JPK (Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan) 9, no. 1 (2024): 1–11.
Mantouvalou, V, dan E Albin. “The ILO Convention on Domestic Workers: From the Shadows to the Light.” Industrial Law Journal 41 (2012): 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1093/INDLAW/DWS001.
MUHAMMAD, NUR REGITA SAPUTRI. “RUU PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA RUMAH TANGGA : KETIDAKPEDULIAN NEGARA DALAM MELINDUNGI HAK-HAK PRT DI INDONESIA.” Jurnal Ganec Swara 18, no. 1 (2025): 67.
Nasution, A. “Perbudakan dalam Hukum Islam.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 2016. https://doi.org/10.15408/AJIS.V15I1.2852.
Ningsih, S, Erna Herlinda, dan Agusmidah Agusmidah. “Government Policy on Legal Protection of Household Workers.” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Education, Humanities, Health and Agriculture, ICEHHA 2021, 3-4 June 2021, Ruteng, Flores, Indonesia, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.3-6-2021.2310826.
Nugroho, Andri Setyo, dan Dita Reista Nurfaizah. “Kehidupan Pembantu Rumah Tangga di Hindia Belanda pada Pertengahan Abad Ke-19 Sampai Abad Ke-20.” Mukadimah Jurnal Pendidikan, Sejarah, Dan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial 4, no. 2 (2020): 136–45.
Pati, Sakka. “Legal Protection for Domestic Workers: The Experience of Indonesia.” Hasanuddin Law Review 5 (2019): 311–20. https://doi.org/10.20956/HALREV.V5I3.2218.
Purdiantika, Fernenda. “Analisis Pengaturan Marital Rape dalam Undang-Undang di Indonesia Perspektif Fiqh Jinayah tentang Keluarga.” IAIN Ponorogo, 2023.
Risdianto, Risdianto. “Hukuman Terhadap Tindak Pidana Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga Menurut Hukum Islam.” Information Retrieval 10 (2021): 59–76. https://doi.org/10.35878/ISLAMICREVIEW.V10I1.266.
Rochmah, Elfi Yuliani. “Mengembangkan karakter tanggung jawab pada pembelajar (Perspektif psikologi barat dan psikologi Islam).” AL-MURABBI: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan dan Keislaman 3, no. 1 (2016): 36–54.
Rusdiana, Emmilia. “Perlindungan Hukum Tentang Pekerja Rumah Tangga (PRT) Mengenai Jam Kerja.” Novum: Jurnal Hukum, 2022, 98–105.
Samsul Munir 1, Ahmad Suhaimi. “PENYULUHAN TENTANG HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM.” Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (2024): 112.
SAPUTRA, DENNY TYAS. “TINJAUAN YURIDIS PUTUSAN PN JAKARTA NO. 1357/Pid. B/2016. PN-JKT. UTR TENTANG PENISTAAN AGAMA YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH BASUKI TJAHJA PURNAMA (AHOK) DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM.” Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pasundan, 2017.
Siagian, Devina Gianina, dan Anak Agung Gede Duwira Hadi. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Rumah Tangga di Indonesia.” Ethics and Law Journal: Business and Notary 2, no. 3 (2024): 164–74.
SRI HAYATI, TITIK. “JAMINAN SOSIAL BAGI PEKERJA RUMAH TANGGA.” Untag Surabaya, 2016.
Sternberg, Carolina. “The Hidden Hand of Domestic Labor: Domestic Employers’ Work Practices in Chicago, USA.” Frontiers in Sociology 4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00080.
Sudrajat, Tata, Umi Rahmawati, Tinda Irawati, dan Leni Rohida. “Controversy of Paying Old Age Benefits in Social Guarantee Systems: Public Policy Perspective.” Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-07-7_58.
Wahyuni, Ekawati Sri, Rilus Kinseng, dan Aida Vitayala S Hubeis. “Kendala Pelaksanaan Regulasi tentang Pembantu Rumah Tangga (PRT) di Yogyakarta.” Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 49, no. 2 (2015).
Yasirwan, Yasirwan, M Ikhsan, dan Nikmah Dalimunthe. “PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA RUMAH TANGGA (PRT) MELALUI KEPASTIAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA DAN HUKUM ISLAM.” Jurnal EL-QANUNIY: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Pranata Sosial, 2023. https://doi.org/10.24952/el-qanuniy.v9i1.7715.
Published
2025-06-30
How to Cite
Djauhar, A., Haq, I., Saidah, S., Wahidin, W., & AR, Z. (2025). THE DYNAMICS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST DOMESTIC WORKERS: A REVIEW OF POSITIVE LAW AND FIQH JINAYAH. Indonesian Journal of Shariah and Justice, 5(1), 49-72. https://doi.org/10.46339/ijsj.v5i1.194
Section
Articles