VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN THE CYBERSPACE: A NEW CHALLENGE TO ISLAMIC LAW
Keywords:
Children, Islamic Law, Digital Violence, Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah, Ijtihad
Abstract
This study examines the application of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah in the framework of national cyber regulations, especially related to child protection in the digital space. Using a normative qualitative approach, this study analyzes relevant laws and regulations, classical and contemporary maqāṣid literature, and recent studies on forms of digital crimes against children. The results show that the digital ecosystem presents various multidimensional threats to the protection of reason (ḥifẓ al-'aql), heredity (ḥifẓ al-nasl), and property (ḥifẓ al-māl), so an integrative framework is needed that bridges the goals of Islamic law with modern cyber governance. This study found that there is a value gap in Indonesia's cyber regulatory structure, especially the absence of a maqāṣid-based ethical paradigm in digital child protection arrangements. The novelty of this research lies in the formulation of a new conceptual integration model between maqāṣid al-syarī'ah and national cyber regulations for child protection. This integrative model has never been proposed in previous research and provides a conceptual basis for the development of ta'zīr-based digital governance policy guidelines and governance in the future.
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Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Fatwa Nomor 24 Tahun 2017 tentang Etika Bermedia Sosial. MUI, 2017.
Maqasid Al-Shariah, Ijtihad and Civilisational Renewal. INTERNATIONAL Institute O, 2012.
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Whittle, H., C. Hamilton-Giachritsis, A. Beech, dan G. Collings. “A Review of Online Grooming: Characteristics and Prevention Strategies.” Aggression and Violent Behavior 58 (2021): 101563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2020.101563.
Wicaksono, Adnan Bayu, dan Winning Son Ashari. “Analisis Perlindungan Islam Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Dalam Tinjauan Maqashid Syariah.” Rayah Al-Islam 8, no. 3 (2024): 888–904. https://doi.org/10.37274/rais.v8i3.1027.
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Al-Mazrouei, F. Cyber Ethics in the UAE: Integrating Sharia Principles in Digital Governance. Vol. 37. no. 2. 2023.
Al-Qaradawi, Y. Fiqh al-Awlawiyyat: A New Vision for Islamic Jurisprudence. Al-Maktabah Al-Wahbah, 2017.
Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf. Fiqh al-Awlawiyyat: A New Vision for Islamic Jurisprudence. Al-Maktabah Al-Wahbah, 2017.
Al-Zuhayli, W. Al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu. Vol. 7. Dar al-Fikr, 2020.
Anam, Muhammad Abil, dan Munasir Munasir. “Childfree in Islamic Discourse: Analysis of Interpretation on QS. An-Nisa Verse 9.” Journal of Islamic Studies and Education 3, no. 3 (2025): 51–60. https://doi.org/10.63120/jise.v4i3.77.
Andra Siibak, dan Giovanna Mascheroni. “Children’s Data and Privacy in the Digital Age CO:RE Short Report Series on Key Topics.” ResearchGate, Januari 2022. https://doi.org/10.21241/ssoar.76251.
Auda, J. Maqasid al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. The International Institute of Islamic Thought, 2021.
Badar, Eryna Syahadatina, Ahmad Fauzi, dan Ahya Jazuli. “PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION POLICY IN LAW NUMBER 27 OF 2022 IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF POSITIVE LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW.” Hukum Islam 23, no. 1 (2023): 61–74. https://doi.org/10.24014/jhi.v23i1.20465.
Database Peraturan | JDIH BPK. “UU No. 23 Tahun 2002.” Diakses 18 Oktober 2025. http://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/44473/uu-no-23-tahun-2002.
EI2. “Al-Qardawi, Yusuf.” Ensiklopedia Islam, 21 September 2022. https://ensiklopediaislam.id/al-qardawi-yusuf/.
Fahmi, Moch Dzul, Arifki Budia Warman, dan Riska Fauziah Hayati. “Literasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Di Era Digital Dan Kontribusinya Bagi Penguatan Ekonomi Syariah Di Indonesia (Studi Terhadap Platform Instagram).” Al-Huquq: Journal of Indonesian Islamic Economic Law 5, no. 1 (2023): 20–43. https://doi.org/10.19105/alhuquq.v5i1.5729.
“Global Status Report on Violence against Children 2020.” Diakses 18 Oktober 2025. https://www.who.int/teams/social-determinants-of-health/violence-prevention/global-status-report-on-violence-against-children-2020.
Hidayati, Tri, Muhammad Syarif Hidayatullah, Parman Komarudin, dan Atika Atika. “Digitalization of Islamic Finance: Epistemological Study of the National Sharia Board-Indonesian Council of Ulama’s Fatwa.” Al-Ahkam 33, no. 2 (2023): 255–78. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2023.33.2.17324.
Holipah, Holipah, dan Asmawati Asmawati. “ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PERLINDUNGAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK DI KOTA PALEMBANG.” Responsive: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Administrasi, Sosial, Humaniora Dan Kebijakan Publik 5, no. 4 (2022): 197–207. https://doi.org/10.24198/responsive.v5i4.43264.
Husnul, Andi, dan Marilang Marilang. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK-HAK ANAK JALANAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM.” Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam 2, no. 3 (2021): 504–18. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v2i3.19329.
Husnul, Andi, dan Marilang Marilang. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK-HAK ANAK JALANAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM.” Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam 2, no. 3 (2021): 504–18. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v2i3.19329.
Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. I‘lam al-Muwaqqi‘in ‘an Rabb al-‘Alamin. Vol. 4. Dar Ibn al-Jawzi, 2013.
Jabbar, Moch Rikza Alkhubra Abdul, Chusnul Chotimah, dan Sulistyorini Sulistyorini. “INTEGRASI NILAI KEISLAMAN DALAM MANAJEMEN STRATEGIK UNTUK MEMBANGUN KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ERA GLOBALISASI DIGITAL.” CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan 5, no. 1 (2025): 185–92. https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v5i1.4153.
Jamilah, Asiyah. “Ketika Anak Melukai: Tinjauan Hukum Islam Tentang Tanggungjawab Pidana Anak Dalam Kasus Kekerasan: When Children Injures: Islamic Law Perspective on the Criminal Responsibility of Children in Violence Case.” BUSTANUL FUQAHA: Jurnal Bidang Hukum Islam 6, no. 1 (2025): 104–19. https://doi.org/10.36701/bustanul.v6i1.2054.
Kamali, M. H. Maqasid al-Shariah and the Foundations of Islamic Ethics. Islamic Texts Society, 2019.
Kamilah, Ulufiyatul, Jauharotur Rihlah, Fifi Khoirul Fitriyah, dan Muhammad Syaikhon. Journal | Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya. t.t. Diakses 18 Oktober 2025. https://journal2.unusa.ac.id/index.php/CEJ/article/view/1685.
Kasiyan, Kasiyan. “Menuju Pemahaman Komprehensif Fenomena Selfie: Mengeksplorasi Kontradiksinya Dalam Kerangka Aksiologis Seni.” Imaji: Jurnal Seni Dan Pendidikan Seni 22, no. 1 (2024): 12–22. https://doi.org/10.21831/imaji.v22i1.72427.
Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. Laporan Tahunan Perlindungan Anak di Ruang Digital. Kominfo Press, 2023.
Livingstone, Sonia, Mariya Stoilova, dan Rishita Nandagiri. “Children’s Data and Privacy Online: Growing Up in a Digital Age.” New Media & Society 22, no. 8 (2020): 1456–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819873420.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Fatwa Nomor 24 Tahun 2017 tentang Etika Bermedia Sosial. MUI, 2017.
Maqasid Al-Shariah, Ijtihad and Civilisational Renewal. INTERNATIONAL Institute O, 2012.
Montgomery, K. C., J. Chester, dan T. Milosevic. “AI, Social Media, and Youth: The Hidden Threats of Algorithmic Manipulation.” Computers in Human Behavior 152 (2024): 108184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.108184.
Mufti, Zaki Aulia, Syafruddin, Rehani, Yusmanila, dan Fazri Zuzano. “Transformasi Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Untuk Menghadapi Revolusi Industri 5.0.” Mauriduna: Journal of Islamic Studies 6, no. 1 (2025): 1584–600. https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v5i2.1248.
Muliyanty, Irka, Hamdanah Hamdanah, dan Noor Fahmi. “Dasar Al-Qur’an Dan Hadits Tentang Kepemimpinan.” Journal on Education 6, no. 4 (2024): 20928–35. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i4.6226.
Nasr, S. H. Islam and the Challenge of Modernity: Ethics, Technology, and the Future of Humanity. Oxford University Press, 2022.
Patchin, J. W., dan S. Hinduja. “Cyberbullying and Online Harassment: Research Update and Emerging Issues.” Journal of Adolescence 94 (2022): 542–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.12.005.
Patchin, Justin W., dan Sameer Hinduja. “Cyberbullying Among Youth: A Comprehensive Review.” Journal of Adolescent Health 66, no. 2 (2020): S10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.09.004.
Pratiwi, Rufia Wahyuning. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KELALAIAN PEMENUHAN PEMBAYARAN NAFKAH ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN BERDASARKAN PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA BLITAR.” Negara Dan Keadilan 9, no. 1 (2020): 50–61. https://doi.org/10.33474/hukum.v9i1.7491.
Sarmadi, Akhmad Sukris, Arne Huzaimah, Jalaluddin Jalaluddin, Lahmudinur Lahmudinur, Agus Bambang Nugraha, dan Karimuddin Abdullah Lawang. “Criminal Liability of Children from the Perspective of Islamic Law and Positive Law in Indonesia.” AT-TURAS: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 10, no. 1 (2023): 116–27. https://doi.org/10.33650/at-turas.v10i1.5497.
UNICEF. Digital Literacy and Child Protection in Muslim Communities: Global Insights 2024. UNICEF Global Policy Series, 2024.
UNICEF. State of the World’s Children 2023: For Every Child, Digital Safety. UNICEF Publications, 2023.
Wahbah Az-Zuhaili. FIKIH ISLAM WA ADILLATUHU. Vol. 9. Gema Insani, 2011.
Whittle, H., C. Hamilton-Giachritsis, A. Beech, dan G. Collings. “A Review of Online Grooming: Characteristics and Prevention Strategies.” Aggression and Violent Behavior 58 (2021): 101563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2020.101563.
Wicaksono, Adnan Bayu, dan Winning Son Ashari. “Analisis Perlindungan Islam Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Dalam Tinjauan Maqashid Syariah.” Rayah Al-Islam 8, no. 3 (2024): 888–904. https://doi.org/10.37274/rais.v8i3.1027.
Zamani, Fadli Emsa. “PERAN PENDIDIKAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM PROSES TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL.” Jurnal Dialektika: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial 20, no. 1 (2022): 84–94. https://doi.org/10.63309/dialektika.v20i1.36.
Published
2025-12-31
How to Cite
Aji Pratama, W., M. Saeful Amri, & Hakimi, A. R. (2025). VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN THE CYBERSPACE: A NEW CHALLENGE TO ISLAMIC LAW. Indonesian Journal of Shariah and Justice, 5(2), 177-202. https://doi.org/10.46339/ijsj.v5i2.219
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